Stainless Steel Pipes
Stainless steel pipes are manufactured according to ASTM A312 standard. The material is available in grade SS316/316L and made in standard length of 6 meters long. Dual grade SS316/316L stainless steel pipes are known to deliver exceptional performance and are generally developed for meeting the market demands.
The ASTM A312 grade specifies seamless, straight-seam welded, and cold-worked austenitic stainless steel pipes, designed for high temperature and general corrosive service. The most common grades of stainless steel used in ASTM A312 pipes are TP316/316L, with other grades such as TP321 and TP347 also being widely used. These pipes are used in various industries such as oil and gas, chemical, petrochemical, pharmaceutical, and food processing.
The seamless pipes are manufactured by extruding the material through a die and then drawing it to size, while the welded pipes are made by rolling a flat plate and welding seam.
SS316 stainless steel has more carbon than SS316L. Nickel and molybdenum are the main chemical ingredients which are used in manufacturing process of stainless steel SS316 pipes. With adding molybdenum in the producing process, it effectively improves alloy corrosion resistance, specifically in the environment that is highly exposed to crevice corrosion in chloride based environments.
The ASTM A312 grade specifies seamless, straight-seam welded, and cold-worked austenitic stainless steel pipes, designed for high temperature and general corrosive service. The most common grades of stainless steel used in ASTM A312 pipes are TP316/316L, with other grades such as TP321 and TP347 also being widely used. These pipes are used in various industries such as oil and gas, chemical, petrochemical, pharmaceutical, and food processing.
The seamless pipes are manufactured by extruding the material through a die and then drawing it to size, while the welded pipes are made by rolling a flat plate and welding seam.
SS316 stainless steel has more carbon than SS316L. Nickel and molybdenum are the main chemical ingredients which are used in manufacturing process of stainless steel SS316 pipes. With adding molybdenum in the producing process, it effectively improves alloy corrosion resistance, specifically in the environment that is highly exposed to crevice corrosion in chloride based environments.
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Material Specifications |
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Dimension Specifications |
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Finishing |
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What are Stainless Steel Pipes Specifications
1. What are stainless steel pipes used for?
Stainless steel pipes play a crucial role across industries, due to its outstanding qualities and adaptable uses. Stainless steel pipes excel in fluid transport, offering corrosion resistance and durability essential for conveying liquids and gasses in harsh environments. Additionally, stainless steel pipes provide robust structural support, able to withstand heavy loads and adverse conditions in construction projects.
The manufacturing process of stainless steel tubes may involve selecting high-quality raw materials, precise forming techniques, heat treatment, and finishing processes.
Industry Applications:
Stainless steel pipes play a crucial role across industries, due to its outstanding qualities and adaptable uses. Stainless steel pipes excel in fluid transport, offering corrosion resistance and durability essential for conveying liquids and gasses in harsh environments. Additionally, stainless steel pipes provide robust structural support, able to withstand heavy loads and adverse conditions in construction projects.
The manufacturing process of stainless steel tubes may involve selecting high-quality raw materials, precise forming techniques, heat treatment, and finishing processes.
Industry Applications:
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Stainless Steel Pipings manufactured according to ASTM A312 standard, are being recognized for their corrosion resistance, durability, and high-temperature strength, serve as critical components across a spectrum of industries. In chemical processing and petrochemical plants, they are able to withstand corrosive substances and extreme conditions, ensuring the integrity of fluid transport systems.
In the pharmaceutical facilities, stainless steel pipes are able to meet stringent cleanliness standards. While water treatment plants rely on stainless steel pipes for its durability in harsh environments, marine applications benefit from their resistance to seawater corrosion. Also, due to its ability to withstand high pressure and temperatures, stainless steel pipes are oftenly being applied in oil and gas, aerospace or power generation industries. Stainless steel pipes versatility and reliability underpin their widespread use and importance across numerous industries. Stainless steel piping are used in various industries as below:
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Annealed & Pickled Stainless Steel Pipe
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2. What is dual grade stainless steel?
Dual grade stainless steel pipes refers to a type of stainless steel that contains elements from two different stainless steel grades within a single material. This combination of grades is aimed at enhancing specific properties or characteristics to suit particular applications. Dual-grade stainless steel possesses both the robust strength characteristic of traditional stainless steel and the corrosion resistance attribute found in ultra-low carbon stainless steel. The austenitic structure helps the pipes to get excellent toughness even if it reaches cryogenic temperature. This is the main reason why stainless steel material is a common choice for piping applications. It has excellent forming and welding characteristics which allows different flexibility during installation.
Below table shows a comparison in difference of 316 and 316L, Carbon and Nickel content. 316L means low carbon, a variation from 316, “L” means low content in carbon elements.
Dual grade stainless steel pipes refers to a type of stainless steel that contains elements from two different stainless steel grades within a single material. This combination of grades is aimed at enhancing specific properties or characteristics to suit particular applications. Dual-grade stainless steel possesses both the robust strength characteristic of traditional stainless steel and the corrosion resistance attribute found in ultra-low carbon stainless steel. The austenitic structure helps the pipes to get excellent toughness even if it reaches cryogenic temperature. This is the main reason why stainless steel material is a common choice for piping applications. It has excellent forming and welding characteristics which allows different flexibility during installation.
Below table shows a comparison in difference of 316 and 316L, Carbon and Nickel content. 316L means low carbon, a variation from 316, “L” means low content in carbon elements.
Chemical Element |
SS316 |
SS316L |
Carbon (C), % |
0.08 |
0.035 |
Manganese (Mn) , % |
2.00 |
2.00 |
Silicon (Si), % |
1.00 |
1.00 |
0.045 |
0.045 |
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Sulphur (S), % |
0.030 |
0.030 |
16.0 - 18.0 |
16.0 - 18.0 |
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Nickel (Ni), % |
11.0 - 14.0 |
10.0 - 14.0 |
2.0 - 3.0 |
2.0 - 3.0 |
Table 1: Chemical element of ASTM A312 dual spec SS316/316L pipe
3. What is difference between tubes and pipes?
Tubes and pipes are difficult to identify occasionally and some people use the name of tube and pipe interchangeably. However, there are significant differences between tubes and pipes. Tubes are measured in outer diameter and wall thickness. The tube is produced with close tolerance range and requires precise outer diameter and wall thickness to identify its working pressure.
While pipes are specified by nominal pipe size and schedule wall thickness. It has two different nominal pipe size measurement standard which is American National Standard Institute (ANSI) and Japanese Industrial Standard (JIS). Both pipes and tubes have their respective measurement chart to determine its outer diameter size.
Tubes and pipes are difficult to identify occasionally and some people use the name of tube and pipe interchangeably. However, there are significant differences between tubes and pipes. Tubes are measured in outer diameter and wall thickness. The tube is produced with close tolerance range and requires precise outer diameter and wall thickness to identify its working pressure.
While pipes are specified by nominal pipe size and schedule wall thickness. It has two different nominal pipe size measurement standard which is American National Standard Institute (ANSI) and Japanese Industrial Standard (JIS). Both pipes and tubes have their respective measurement chart to determine its outer diameter size.
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Pipe |
Tube |
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Table 2: Different criteria for pipe and tube
4. What is the wall thickness of a Schedule 40 stainless steel pipe?
Stainless Steel Pipe "SCH" Thickness
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Schedule (SCH) is the term used to measure the
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The schedule thickness will affect the inner diameter (ID) of a pipe. The inner diameter measures when the outer dimeter minus two times the schedule in wall thickness. The piping working pressure can be determined by the schedule wall thickness.
5. How do you join a stainless steel pipe?
There are several types of pipe connection and the pipe end connection can be customized according to the installation method. There are 3 different types of pipe end connection: plain end, threaded end and bevel end connection.
There are several types of pipe connection and the pipe end connection can be customized according to the installation method. There are 3 different types of pipe end connection: plain end, threaded end and bevel end connection.
Connection Types |
Features |
Plain End |
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Threaded End |
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Bevel End |
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Table 3: 3 Types of pipe end connection
To ensure pipe joining quality, the pipe tolerance have to be taken into consideration. The pipe made according to ASTM A312 has outer diameter and wall thickness tolerance as follows:
Pipe Outer Diameter |
Outer Diameter Tolerance |
Wall Thickness Tolerance |
1/8”NB – 1 1/2”NB |
+0.40mm, -0.8mm |
+/- 12.50% |
2”NB – 4”NB |
+/-0.8mm |
+/- 12.50% |
5”NB – 8”NB |
+1.6mm, -0.8mm |
+/- 12.50% |
Table 4: ASTM A312 pipe manufacture tolerance
FAQs
What is ASTM A312 grade stainless steel pipe?
ASTM A312 grade stainless steel pipe is a specification for seamless, welded, and heavily cold worked austenitic stainless steel pipes used in high-temperature and general corrosive service.
What is the difference between 304 and 316 stainless steel pipes?
While SS304 and SS316 stainless steel pipes share many similarities, SS316 offers superior corrosion resistance, particularly in chloride-rich environments, and slightly better mechanical properties.
Is stainless steel pipe safe for drinking water?
Stainless steel pipes are safe for drinking water as they do not leach harmful substances, resist corrosion, and are easy to maintain. However, ensuring compliance with industry standards is essential for safety.
What are the benefits of stainless steel pipes?
The benefits of stainless steel pipes include corrosion resistance, durability, strength, and ease of maintenance. They are well suited for diverse applications, including spanning industrial, commercial, and residential contexts.
What are the quality control measures for ASTM A312 grade stainless steel pipes?
ASTM A312 grade stainless steel pipes undergo rigorous quality control measures during manufacturing, including chemical analysis, mechanical testing, hydrostatic testing, non-destructive testing, and dimensional inspection to ensure they meet the specified requirements.
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